Physical Therapy ( PT ), also known as physiotherapy , is one of the allied health professions that, using mechanical strength and movement (bio- mechanics or kinesiology), manual therapy, exercise therapy, and electrotherapy, remediation of disorders and improved mobility and function. Physical therapy is used to improve the quality of life of patients through examination, diagnosis, prognosis and physical intervention. This is done by a physical therapist (known as physiotherapist in many countries).
In addition to clinical practice, other activities covered in the physical therapy profession include research, education, consulting and administration. Physical therapy services may be provided as primary care or shared care, or in conjunction with, other medical services.
Video Physical therapy
Overview
Physical therapy tries to overcome illness, or injury that limits a person's ability to move and perform functional activities in their daily life. PT uses the history and physical examination of individuals to achieve diagnosis and establish management plans and, where appropriate, incorporate laboratory and imaging research results such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI findings. Electrodiagnostic testing (eg, [electromyogram] and nerve conduction velocity test) can also be used. PT management generally includes prescriptions or assistance with specific exercises, manual therapy and manipulation, mechanical devices such as traction, education, physical agents covering heat, cold, electricity, sound waves, radiation, aids, prosthesis, orthosis and other interventions. In addition, PT works with individuals to prevent loss of mobility before it occurs by developing fitness and wellness-oriented programs for a healthier and more active lifestyle, providing services to individuals and populations to develop, maintain and restore maximum functional movement and ability at entire lifetime. This includes providing therapeutic care in circumstances where movement and function are threatened by aging, injury, disease or environmental factors. Functional movement is central to what it means to be healthy.
Physical therapy is a professional career that has many specializations including musculoskeletal, exercise, neurology, wound care, EMG, cardiopulmonary, geriatrics, orthopedics, women's health, and pediatrics. Neurologic rehabilitation is particularly an emerging field. The practice of PT is in many places, such as privately owned physical therapy clinics, clinics or outpatient offices, health and fitness clinics, rehabilitation hospital facilities, skilled care facilities, additional care facilities, private homes, educational and research centers, schools, home care, industry and workplace or other work environment, fitness center and sports training facility.
Physical therapists also practice in the role of non-patient care such as health policy, health insurance, health care administration and as health care executives. Physical therapists engage in medical-legal fields serving as experts, conducting peer review and independent medical examinations.
Education varies widely by country. The duration of education ranges from some countries with little formal education to others who have doctorates and post-doctoral residencies and scholarships.
Maps Physical therapy
History
Doctors like Hippocrates and later Galen are believed to have been the first practitioners of physical therapy, advocating massage, manual therapy techniques and hydrotherapy to treat people in 460 BC. After orthopedic developments in the eighteenth century, machines such as Gymnasticon were developed to treat gout and disease similar to joint systemic exercise, similar to subsequent developments in physical therapy.
The originally documented beginning of actual physical therapy as a professional group dates back to Per Henrik Ling, "Father of Swedish Gymnastics," who founded the Royal Center Institute of Gymnastics (RCIG) in 1813 for manipulation, and practice. The Swedish word for a physical therapist is sjukgymnast = someone involved in gymnastics for the sick. In 1887, the Company was given an official registration by the Swedish National Agency for Health and Welfare. Other countries soon followed. In 1894, four nurses in Great Britain formed the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. School of Physiotherapy at the University of Otago in New Zealand in 1913, and the United States Reed High School in 1914 in Portland, Oregon, graduating from "reconstruction assistance." Since the beginning of the profession, spinal manipulation therapy has become part of the practice of physical therapy.
Modern physical therapy was established towards the end of the 19th century because of events that impact on a global scale, which called for rapid advances in physical therapy. Soon after American orthopedic surgeons began treating disabled children and began hiring trained women in physical education, and remedial exercises. This treatment was applied and promoted further during the Poly 1916 outbreak. During the First World War, women were recruited to work with and restore physical function to wounded soldiers, and the field of physical therapy was instituted. In 1918 the term "Reconstruction of Adjutants" was used to refer to individuals who practiced physical therapy. The first school of physical therapy was established at Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington, D.C., after the outbreak of World War I. The study catalyzes the physical therapeutic movement. The first physical therapy research was published in the United States in March 1921 in "The PT Review." That same year, Mary McMillan hosted the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) In 1924, the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation promoted this field by touting physical therapy as a treatment for polio. consisting of exercise, massage, and traction. Manipulative procedures into the spine and limb joints began to be practiced, especially in British Commonwealth countries, as early as 1950. Around this time when polio vaccines were developed, physical therapists had become normal occurrences at hospitals in throughout North America and Europe In the late 1950s, physical therapists began to move beyond hospital-based practices to outpatient orthopedic clinics, public schools, college/college health centers, geriatric settings (skilled care facilities), rehabilitation centers and centers medical, Specialization for physical therapy in the US occurred in 1974, w orthope Section in from APTA formed for physical therapists specializing in orthopedics. In the same year, the International Federation of Orthopedic Manipulative Physical Therapists was formed, which has since played an important role in advancing manual therapies worldwide.
Education
Educational criteria for physical therapy providers vary from state to state and from country to country, and among various levels of professional responsibility. Most US states have physical therapeutic practices that recognize both physical therapists (PT) and physical therapist assistants (PTAs) and some jurisdictions also recognize physical therapy technicians (PT Techs) or helpers. Most countries have licensing bodies that require physical therapists to become members before they can start practicing as independent professionals.
Canada
Canadian physiotherapy programs are offered at 15 Universities, often through university medical colleges. In the last decade, each Canadian physical therapy school has shifted from a 3-Year Science Degree program in Physical Therapy (BScPT) which requires 2 years of pre-qualified university course (5 year undergraduate degree) to a 2-year Master of Physical Therapy Program MPT) requiring a pre-requisite degree. The last University of Canada to follow is the University of Manitoba switched to the MPT program in 2012, creating new entry MPT credentials to practice standards in Canada. Existing practitioners with BScpT credentials are not required to improve their qualifications.
In Quebec province, prospective physiotherapists are required to complete a college diploma either in health sciences, which lasts an average of two years, or physical rehabilitation technology, which lasts at least three years, to be applied to a physiotherapy program or program at the university. Upon admission, physical therapy students work on undergraduate science with majoring in physical therapy and rehabilitation. B.Sc. it usually takes three years to complete. Students then have to enter graduate school to complete a master's degree in physical therapy, which usually takes one and a half to two years of study. Graduates who earn a M.Sc. must successfully pass the membership exam to become a member of Ordre professionnel de la physiothà © à © rapie du QuÃÆ'  © bec (OPPQ). Physiotherapists can continue their education in areas such as rehabilitation science, sports medicine, kinesiology, and physiology.
In Quebec province, physical rehabilitation therapists are health care professionals who are required to complete a three-year diploma program in physical rehabilitation therapy and become members of the Ordre professionnel de la physiothà © rapie du QuÃÆ'  © bec ( OPPQ) to practice legally in this country.
Most physical rehabilitation therapists complete their college diplomas at CollÃÆ'¨ge Montmorency, Dawson College, or CÃÆ' Â © gep Marie-Victorin, all located within and around the Montreal area.
After completing their technical academic diploma, graduates have the opportunity to pursue their studies at university level to possibly obtain a bachelor's degree in physiotherapy, kinesiology, sports science, or occupational therapy. Università © de MontrÃÆ' © al, Università © Laval and Università © de Sherbrooke are among the universities of the Quà ©  © bÃÆ' © cois who recognize physical rehabilitation therapists in their courses related to health sciences and rehabilitation for a completed college credit program.
To date, no bridging program is available to facilitate the upgrading of BScPT to MPT credentials. However, the Master of Science (MSc) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) programs are available at each university. In addition to academic research, practitioners can improve their skills and qualifications through continuing education and curriculum courses. Further education is a requirement of the provincial regulatory body.
The Canadian Alliance Physiotherapy Regulator (CAPR), or simply known as the Alliance, offers graduates of eligible programs to apply for the National Physiotherapy Competency Exam (PCE). Passing PCE is one of the requirements in most provinces and regions to work as a licensed physiotherapist in Canada. The Alliance has members who are recognized physiotherapy regulatory organizations in their respective provinces and territories:
- Government of Yukon, Consumer Services
- College of Physical Therapists from British Columbia
- Physiotherapy of the Alberta College Association
- Saskatchewan College of Physical Therapists
- College of Physiotherapists of Manitoba
- College of Physiotherapists of Ontario
- Ordre professionnel de la physiothà © à © rapie du QuÃÆ'  © bec
- College of Physiotherapists from New Brunswick/Collà © ¨ge des physiothÃÆ' © rapeutes du Nouveau-Brunswick
- Nova Scotia College of Physiotherapists
- Prince Edward Island College of Physiotherapists
- Newfoundland & amp; Labrador College of Physiotherapists
The Canadian Physiotherapy Association offers a curriculum of continuing education courses in orthopedics and manual therapy. The program consists of 5 levels (7 courses) of training with continuous guidance and evaluation at each level. The orthopedic and examination curriculum takes at least 4 years to complete. However, after completing level 2, physiotherapists can enroll in a 1-year specialized Master's program in advanced orthopedics and manipulation at the University of Western Ontario to complete their training. The program has received only 16 physiotherapists each year since 2007. Successful completion of one of these streams of education and individual examination allows the physiotherapist the opportunity to enroll in the Canadian Physiotherapy Manipulative Academy (CAMPT) for fellowship. Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Manipulative Physiotherapists (FCAMPT) are regarded as leaders in the field, have extensive post-graduate education in orthopedics and manual therapy. FCAMPT is an internationally recognized credential, as CAMPT is a member of the International Federation of Physiotherapy Physiotherapists (IFOMPT), a branch of the World Confederation of Physical Therapy (WCPT) and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Scotland
Physiotherapy degree is offered at three universities: Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen, Glasgow Caledonian University in Glasgow and Queen Margaret University in Edinburgh. Students may qualify as a physiotherapist by completing a four-year Bachelor of Science degree or a two-year master's degree (if they already have a bachelor's degree in a related field).
To use a 'Physiotherapist' degree, a student must enroll in the Health and Care Professions Council, a broad-based British oversight body, during qualification. Many physiotherapists are also members of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapists (CSP), which provide insurance and professional support.
United States
The primary physical therapy practitioner is a trained and licensed Physical Therapist (PT) to examine, evaluate, diagnose and treat disorders, functional and disability limitations in patients or clients. The physical education physicist curriculum in the United States leads to a Physical Therapy Doctorate (DPT) degree, but many who currently practice in the PT have a Physical Therapy Masters degree, and some still hold Bachelor's degrees. Currently the education program for physical therapy has changed. The Master of Physical Therapy and Master of Science in Physical Therapy degree is no longer offered, and the entry-level degree is a Doctor of Physical Therapy degree, which usually takes 3 years after completing a bachelor's degree. PT who hold a Master or Bachelor degree in PT are encouraged to get their DPT because APTA's aim is to have all the PTs at doctoral level. WCPT recommends entry-level physical therapist education programs based on university or university level studies, at least four years, independently validated and accredited. The curriculum in the United States is accredited by the Accreditation Commission in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). According to CAPTE, by 2017 there are 31,380 students currently enrolled in 227 accredited PT programs in the United States while 12,945 PTA students are currently enrolled in 331 PTA programs in the United States. (List of updated CAPTE statistics for 2015-2016, there are 30,419 students enrolled in 233 accredited PT programs in the United States.)
The physical therapist's professional curriculum includes content in clinical science (eg, content about the cardiovascular system, lung, endocrine, metabolic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, integument, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular and medical and surgical conditions often seen by physical therapists). The current training specifically aims to enable the physical therapist to recognize precisely and refer to a possible non-musculoskeletal diagnosis similar to that caused by a system unsuitable for physical therapeutic intervention, which has resulted in direct access to physical therapists in many countries.
The post-doctoral residency and the prevalence of fellowship education are steadily increasing with 219 residencies, and 42 fellowship programs accredited by 2016. The residency is aimed at training physical therapists in specialties such as acute care, cardiovascular & amp; lung, clinical electrophysiology, faculty, geriatrics, neurology, orthopedics, pediatrics, sports, women's health, and wound care, whereas specialist train fellowships in subspecialty (eg critical care, hand therapy, and exercise division 1), are similar to medical models. The residency program offers the eligibility to follow a specialist certification in their respective practice areas. For example, completion of an orthopedic physical therapy residency, allowing its graduates to enroll and sit for clinical specialist examinations in orthopedics, reaching the OCS appointment after passing the examination. Certification of specialist physical therapy council is aimed at identifying individuals with advanced clinical knowledge and skills training in their respective practice areas, and exemplifies the trend toward greater education to optimally treat individuals with movement dysfunction.
Physical therapist assistants may provide treatment and physical interventions for patients and clients under care plans established by and under the supervision of a physical therapist. Physical therapist assistants in the United States are currently trained under the association of specialized applied sciences curricula for the profession, as outlined and accredited by CAPTE. As of August 2011, there are 276 two-year accredited programs for assistant physical therapists in the United States. According to CAPTE, in 2012 there are 10,598 students enrolled in 280 accredited PTA programs in the United States. List of updated CAPTE statistics for 2015-2016, there are 12,726 students enrolled in 340 accredited PTA programs in the United States.
The curriculum for assistant physical therapy assistants includes:
- Anatomy & amp; physiology
- Exercise physiology
- Human biology
- Physics
- Biomechanics
- Kinesiology
- Neuroscience
- Clinical pathology
- Behavioral science
- Communications
- Ethics
- Research
- Other courses as required by each program.
Job assignments and educational requirements for Physical or Helper Therapists may vary depending on the employer, but the educational requirements range from a high school diploma or the equivalent of completion of a 2-year degree program. O-Net reports that 64% of PT Aides/Techs have a high school diploma or equivalent, 21% have completed several colleges but do not hold a degree, and 10% hold an associate degree.
Some jurisdictions allow physical therapists to hire technicians or assistants or therapeutic assistants to perform routine tasks assigned in connection with physical therapy under the direct supervision of a physical therapist. Some jurisdictions require technicians or physical therapy assistants to be certified, and educational and certification requirements vary among jurisdictions.
Jobs
Occupations related to physical therapy in North America have shown rapid growth in recent years, but employment and average wage rates can vary significantly between different countries, states, provinces or regions. A study from 2013 states that 56.4% of physical therapists feel globally satisfied with their work. Salary, work interest, and job fulfillment are important predictors of job satisfaction. In a study in Poland, job exhaustion among physical therapists is manifested by increased emotional fatigue and decreased personal sense of accomplishment. Emotional fatigue is significantly higher among physical therapists working with adults and working in hospitals. Other factors that increase fatigue include working in hospitals and having seniority from 15 to 19 years.
United States
According to the US Department of Labor's Labor Statistics Bureau, there are about 210,900 physical therapists working in the United States in 2014, earning an average of $ 84,020 annually in 2015, or $ 40.40 per hour, with a 34% growth in work is projected by the year 2024. The Bureau of Labor Statistics also reports that there are approximately 128,700 Assistant Physical and Maid Therapists working in the United States in 2014, earning an average of $ 42,980 per year, or $ 20.66 per hour, with growth of 40 % in work is projected by 2024. To meet their needs, many health care and physical therapy facilities employ "travel physical therapists", who work on temporary assignments between 8 and 26 weeks for much higher wages; about $ 113,500 a year. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data in PTA and Tech can be difficult to understand, because of their tendency to report data on this field of work collectively rather than separately. O-Net reports that by 2015, PTAs in the United States earn an average wage of $ 55,170 per year or $ 26.52 per hour, and that Aides/Techs earn an average wage of $ 25,120 per year or $ 12.08 per hour by 2015. The American Physical Therapy Association reports vacancy rates for physical therapists as 11.2% in private outpatient practices, 10% in acute care settings, and 12.1% in skilled care facilities. The APTA also reported turnover rates for physical therapists as 10.7% in private outpatient practices, 11.9% in acute care settings, 27.6% in skilled care facilities.
Custom areas
The body of knowledge of physical therapy is great, and therefore physical therapists can specialize in certain clinical areas. Although there are many types of physical therapy, the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties enrolls nine current specialist certifications, the ninth, Oncology, awaiting the first inspection by 2019. Most Physical Therapists trained in specialization will undergo further training, such as an accredited residency program , although current individuals may sit for their specialist examination after 2,000 hours of focused exercise in their respective specialized populations, in addition to the requirements set by each specific council.
Cardiovascular and pulmonary physiotherapy
Cardiovascular and pulmonary respiratory practitioners as well as physical therapists offer therapy for various cardiopulmonary or pre and post cardiac or pulmonary surgery disorders. An example of heart surgery is a coronary bypass operation. The main objectives of this specialization include enhancing functional resilience and independence. Manual therapy is used in this field to help clear lung secretions experienced by cystic fibrosis. Pulmonary disorders, heart attacks, post-coronary bypass surgery, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis, treatment may benefit from cardiovascular and pulmonary cardiovascular therapists.
Clinical electrophysiology
These special areas include electrotherapy/physical agents, electrophysiological evaluation (EMG/NCV), physical agents, and wound management.
Geriatric
Geriatric physical therapy covers a wide area of ​​issues concerning people as they go through the aging of normal adults but is usually focused on older adults. There are many conditions that affect many people as they grow older and include but are not limited to the following: arthritis, osteoporosis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, hip and joint replacement, balance disorders, incontinence, etc. Geriatric physical therapists specialize in providing therapy for such conditions in older adults.
Integumentary
Integral physical therapy involves treatment of conditions involving the skin and all related organs. Successful general conditions include cuts and burns. Physical therapists may use surgical instruments, wound irrigation, dressings and topical agents to remove damaged or contaminated tissue and promote tissue healing. Other commonly used interventions include exercise, edema control, splinting, and clothing compression. The work done by a physical therapist in a specialized specialty field works similar to what a doctor or nurse in an emergency room or triage will do.
Neurological
Neurological physical therapy is a field focused on working with individuals who have neurological or disease disorders. These include stroke, chronic back pain, Alzheimer's disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), ALS, brain injury, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, facial palsy injuries and spinal cord injuries. Common disorders associated with neurological conditions include impaired vision, balance, ambulation, daily life activities, movement, muscle strength and loss of functional independence. The techniques involved in neurological physical therapy are extensive and often require specialized training.
Neurological physiotherapy is also called neurophysiotherapy or neurological rehabilitation.
Orthopedics
Orthopedic physical therapists diagnose, administer, and treat musculoskeletal disorders and injuries including rehabilitation after orthopedic surgery. acute trauma such as sprains, strains, harmful onset injuries such as tendinopathy, bursitis and defects such as scoliosis. This specialization of physical therapy is most commonly found in outpatient clinical settings. Orthopedic therapists are trained in the treatment of postoperative orthopedic procedures, fractures, acute sports injuries, arthritis, sprains, strains, back and neck pain, spinal conditions, and amputations.
Mobilization/manipulation of the joints and spine, dry punctures (similar to acupuncture), therapeutic exercises, neuromuscular techniques, muscle reeducation, hot/cold packs, and electrical muscle stimulation (eg, cryotherapy, iontophoresis, electrotherapy) are modalities used to speed recovery in an orthopedic setting. In addition, the emerging additions to diagnosis and treatment are the use of sonography for diagnosis and for guiding treatments such as retraining muscles. Those who have suffered injuries or diseases affecting muscles, bones, ligaments, or tendons will benefit from the assessment by a specialized physical therapist in orthopedics.
Pediatric
Physical therapy helps children in early detection of health problems and uses various modalities to provide physical therapy for disorders in pediatric populations. The therapist is specialized in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of infants, children, and adolescents with various congenital, developmental, neuromuscular, skeletal, or acquired/disease disorders. Treatment focuses primarily on improving gross and fine motor skills, balance and coordination, strength and endurance as well as processing and cognitive and sensory integration.
Sports
Physical therapists are heavily involved in the care and wellbeing of athletes including recreational, semi-professional (paid) and professional (full-time) workers. This practice area includes athletic injury management under 5 main categories:
- acute care - assessment and diagnosis of early injury;
- treatment - the application of specialist advice and techniques to promote healing;
- rehabilitation - progressive management to return fully to the sport;
- prevention - identification and address of known known deficiencies, or acting as a precursor for injury, such as motion assessment
- education - sharing specific knowledge for individual athletes, teams or clubs to assist in prevention or injury management
Physical therapists who work for professional sports teams often have special sports certifications issued through their national registration organization. Most Physical therapists who practice in sports environments are also active in collaborative sports medicine programs as well (See also: athletic trainer).
Community Physiotherapy
Today community-based physiotherapy rehab is the key areas where specially-trained physiotherapists specialize in intervening disabilities and rehabilitate them.
They act as agents of change in Community settings by educating and transferring basic skills and knowledge and providing care in the management of chronic and acute diseases and disabilities and rehabilitating them and coordinating group efforts that take an administrative role in Community-Based Rehabilitation. Community physiotherapy promotes the concept of community responsibility for health and healthy living.
Community physiotherapy is practiced by specially trained physiotherapists.
Women's health
Physical therapy Most women's health deals with women's issues related to the female reproductive system, childbirth, and postpartum. These conditions include lymphedema, osteoporosis, pelvic pain, prenatal and postpartum periods, and urinary incontinence. It also discusses incontinence, pelvic pain, and other disorders associated with pelvic floor dysfunction. Physical manual therapy has been shown in several studies to increase the level of conception in women with infertility.
Palliative care
Physiotherapy in the field of oncology and palliative care is a growing and growing specialty, both in malignant and non-malignant diseases. Rehabilitation for both groups of patients is now recognized as an important part of the clinical pathway, as early diagnoses and new treatments allow patients to live longer. it is generally accepted that patients should have access to appropriate rehabilitation levels, so that they can function at a minimum level of dependency and optimize their quality of life, regardless of their life expectancy.
Treatment of back pain
Physiotherapy is scientifically proven to be one of the most effective ways to treat and prevent pain and injury. It strengthens muscles and improves function.
It not only reduces or relieves pain for a short time, but also reduces the risk of future back pain. Based on a particular diagnosis, various methods are performed by the physiotherapist to treat the patient. They may follow a pain management program, which helps get rid of inflammation and swelling for some people.
Collaborative relationship physical therapy-patient
A systematic review that included patients with brain injury, musculoskeletal conditions, cardiac conditions, or some pathology found that an alliance between patient and therapist was positively correlated with treatment outcomes. Outcomes include: ability to perform daily activities, manage pain, complete certain physical functioning tasks, depression, global physical health assessment, medication adherence, and treatment satisfaction.
The study has explored four themes that may affect patient-therapist interactions: interpersonal and communication skills, practical skills, individual patient-centered care, and organizational and environmental factors. Physical therapists should be able to communicate effectively with their patients on various levels. Patients have different health literacy levels so it is important for the physical therapist to consider when discussing the patient's illness as well as the planned treatment. Studies have shown that using communication tools tailored to the patient's reading ability leads to increased involvement with practitioners and their clinical care. In addition, patients report that joint decision making will result in a positive relationship. Practical skills such as the ability to educate patients about their condition, and professional expertise are considered as valuable factors in patient care. Patients appreciate a doctor's ability to provide a clear and simple explanation of their problems. Furthermore, the value of the patient when the physical therapist has excellent technical skills that improve the patient effectively.
Environmental factors such as location, equipment used, and parking are less important to the patient than the clinical meeting of physical therapy itself.
Based on current understanding, the most important factors that contribute to patient-therapist interactions include that physical therapists: spend enough time with patients, have strong listening and communication skills, treat patients with respect, provide clear explanations. treatment, and allow patients to engage in care decisions.
Effectiveness
A systematic review of 2012 found evidence to support the use of spinal manipulation by physical therapists as a safe option to improve outcomes for lower back pain.
According to randomized controlled trials, the combination of manual therapy and exercise therapy supervised by physiotherapists provide functional benefits for patients with knee osteoarthritis, and may delay or prevent the need for surgery.
Other randomized controlled studies have shown that surgical decompression and physiotherapy treatments are equivalent to lumbar spine stenosis in improving symptoms and function.
A study published recently in the Journal of Orthopedic & amp; Sports Physical Therapy , indicating that physical therapy - especially a combination of manual neck therapy, as well as median exercises and stretching - may be better for surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
A systematic review of the effectiveness of physiotherapy in asthma patients suggests that physiotherapy can improve quality of life, improve cardiopulmonary fitness and inspiratory pressure, and reduce symptoms and drug use.
A systematic review of 2015 shows that, while spinal manipulation and therapeutic massage are effective interventions for neck pain, electroacupuncture, strain-countertrain, relaxation massage, therapeutic therapy, and ineffective ultrasound therapy, and thus are not recommended.
Telehealth
Telehealth (or telerehabilitation) is a form of physical therapy development in response to the growing demand for physical therapy. Telehealth is an online communication between physicians and patients, either directly or in previously recorded sessions. The benefits of telehealth include increased accessibility in remote areas, cost efficiency, and increased comfort for bed-and-house-limited, physically disabled patients. Some considerations for telehealth include: Limited evidence to prove effectiveness and compliance is more than just a matter of personal therapy, licensing and payment policies, and compromised privacy. Controversial studies on the effectiveness of telehealth in patients with more serious conditions, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and lower back pain.
United States
The definitions and requirements of licensing in the United States vary among jurisdictions, as each country has passed its own physical therapeutic practices that define the profession within its jurisdiction, but the American Physical Therapeutic Association (APTA) has also developed a model definition to limit this. variation, and APTA are also responsible for accrediting physical therapy education curricula throughout the United States.
See also
References
External links
- Europe: Regulated professional database - physiotherapist, European Commission
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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