A strain (also known colloquially as pulled muscle or muscle tear ) is an acute or chronic soft tissue injury that occurs in muscles, tendons, or both (contractile components). The equivalent injury to the ligaments is a sprain.
Video Strain (injury)
Signs and symptoms
The typical signs and symptoms of a strain include pain, functional loss of involved structures, muscle weakness, bruising, and local inflammation. Strains can range from mild to very painful disorders, depending on the extent of the injury.
Maps Strain (injury)
Etiology
Tension can occur as a result of body mechanics that is incompatible with any activity (eg, contact sports, lifting heavy objects, too much charge) that can cause mechanical trauma or injury. In general, the muscles or tendons stretch and are placed under more physical pressure than can be given. Strain generally produces partial or complete muscle tears or muscles, or it can become severe in the form of a complete tendon rupture. The most common body locations for strains occur are in the legs, feet, or back.
- Acute strains are more closely related to mechanical trauma or recent injuries.
- Chronic strains usually result from repetitive motion of muscles and tendons over long periods of time.
Degree of Injury (as classified by the American College of Sports Medicine)
o The first degree (the lightest) - the tearing of a small network; mild tenderness; pain with various movements.
o Second degree - torn muscle or tendon tissue; a painful, limited movement; there may be swelling or depression at the site of the injury.
o Third degree (worst) - limited or no movement; the pain will be severe at first, but may not be painful after the initial injury
Risk factors
Although strains are not limited to athletes and can occur while performing daily tasks, people who play sports are at increased risk of tension. It should also be noted that it is common for injuries to develop when there is a sudden increase in the duration, intensity, or frequency of an activity.
Diagnosis
Treatment
First-line treatment for muscle strains in the acute phase includes five steps commonly known as P.R.I.C.E.
- Protection: Apply soft pads to minimize collisions with objects.
- Rest: Rest is needed to speed healing and reduce potential injury again.
- Ice: Apply ice to induce vasoconstriction, which will reduce blood flow to the injury site. Never ice for more than 20 minutes each time.
- Compression: Wrap a tense area with a softly wrapped bandage to further reduce diapedesis and increase lymphatic drainage.
- Elevation: Keep the tense area as close to the heart level as possible to advance the venous blood to the systemic circulation.
Immediate treatment is usually an additional therapy of NSAID and Cold compression therapy. Controlling inflammation is essential for the healing process. Cold compression therapy serves to reduce swelling and pain by reducing the extravasation of leukocytes to the injured area. NSAIDs such as Ibuprofen/paracetamol work to reduce direct inflammation by inhibiting Cox-1 & amp; The Cox-2 enzyme, which is the enzyme responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. However, NSAIDs, including aspirin and ibuprofen, affect platelet function (this is why they are known as "blood thinners") and should not be taken during periods when tissue is bleeding as they will tend to increase blood flow, inhibit clotting, and thus increase bleeding and swelling. After the bleeding stops, NSAIDs can be used with some effectiveness to reduce inflammation and pain.
The new treatment for acute strains is the use of platelet-rich plasma injections (PRP) that have been shown to speed recovery from non-surgical muscle injury.
It is recommended that the injured person should consult with the medical provider if the injury is accompanied by severe pain, if the limb is unusable, or if there is tenderness visible in an isolated place. These can be broken or broken bones, sprains, or complete muscle strains.
See also
- Repetitive strain injury
- Pulls hamstring
- Sprain
- an Achilles tendon rupture
References
External links
- Questions and Answers about sprains and tension - US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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